![]() Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder medications and long-term risk of cardiovascular diseases. Anyway, I recommend to continue the follow-up study.ġ. Regarding ADHD medication use, the cumulative dose should also be checked in combination with cumulative duration. ![]() Severity of each CVD outcome may also be rated to clinical judgments. In addition, we always have to compare the efficacy and safety of specific medication use. They understand the limitation of the statistical procedure, regarding the residual confounders other than their covariates. The authors used a propensity-matching conditional logistic regression analysis, additionally separating by age and type of CVDs. The authors emphasized the importance of careful monitoring of CVD events in patients with long-term ADHD medication use. Among several CVDs, incident risks of hypertension and arterial disease significantly increased. The adjusted odds ratios (AORs) (95% CIs) of each 1-year increase of ADHD medication use for incident CVD was 1.04 (1.03-1.05), presenting 8% increased risk of the incident CVD in the first 3 years. conducted a case-control study with 1:5 matching to assess the association between long-term use of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medication and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) (1). The role of ADHD genetic risk in mid-to-late life somatic health conditions. Garcia-Argibay M, du Rietz E, Lu Y, et al. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms and subsequent cardiometabolic disorders in adults: investigating underlying mechanisms using a longitudinal twin study. doi:10.1002/wps.21020Ĥ.ĝobrosavljevic M, Kuja-Halkola R, Li L, Chang Z, Larsson H, Du Rietz E. ![]() Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases: a nationwide population-based cohort study. Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Medications and Long-Term Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases. Meta-analysis of increased heart rate and blood pressure associated with CNS stimulant treatment of ADHD in adults. As a result, it is critical that the findings of such observational studies be interpreted with extra caution.ġ. Patients and their families frequently have concerns about the adverse effects of ADHD medications, which can lead to premature discontinuation or non-adherence. In addition, a recent systematic review showed that stimulants are associated with a negligible increase in systolic blood pressure (+2.0 mmHg) 1. Patients with more severe ADHD symptoms (and a higher risk of CVDs) typically need higher and longer doses of medication. This is explainable by possible similar underlying mechanisms between ADHD and CVDs, such as immune system abnormalities, neuromodulator, and hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal axis dysregulation 3. ADHD severity, regardless of medication use, is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular and metabolic conditions, presumably owing to shared genetic variables 3,4. Several studies have demonstrated weak to moderate genetic associations between ADHD and cardiovascular and metabolic disorders, obesity, and type 2 diabetes 3-5. I would like to highlight another confounding element in the CVD risk in ADHD that often may go unnoticed in the presence of the ADHD medications as the usual suspect. Given the study's observational nature, the authors speculated that the reported association could have been influenced by time-varying confounders such as lifestyle factors, other psychotropic medications, and ADHD severity, considering that those with more severe ADHD symptoms may have a greater number of comorbidities and lead a less healthy lifestyle, which may contribute to the risk of CVD 2. ![]() Zhang et al 2 recently reported that long-term exposure to ADHD medications, including both stimulants and non-stimulants, was associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, particularly hypertension and arterial disease. Medications have been proven to be a cost-effective, evidence-based choice for reducing symptoms and improving daily functioning and quality of life 1. Shared Decision Making and CommunicationĪttention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is the most common neurodevelopmental disorder in children into adulthood in around two-thirds of cases, causing significant functional impairment and a lower quality of life 1.Scientific Discovery and the Future of Medicine.Health Care Economics, Insurance, Payment.Clinical Implications of Basic Neuroscience.Challenges in Clinical Electrocardiography. ![]()
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